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- 縮小齒輪加工中的效率差距
- 發布日期:2020年03月21日 點擊次數:19 所屬分類:新聞動態
齒輪(lun)零件(jian)和錐齒輪(lun)制造商(shang)正在不斷尋求替代傳統加(jia)工工藝的生(sheng)產方(fang)法(fa)。在選定機床時,靈(ling)活性(xing) * 大化已成(cheng)為主要的考(kao)慮因(yin)素,因(yin)為企業(ye)不愿局限于相(xiang)對較小的齒輪(lun)細分市場。德國(guo)HellerMaschinenfabrikGmbH公(gong)司通(tong)過與Voith公(gong)司的精(jing)誠(cheng)合作,已開發出能顯著提高生(sheng)產效率的工藝,其預銑削和齒輪(lun)銑削工序往往可以在單一機床上(shang)完成(cheng)。
值得注意的(de)(de)是(shi),齒輪(lun)銑削(xue)近來(lai)已(yi)列(lie)入一些(xie)機床(chuang)制(zhi)造商的(de)(de)熱(re)門話題。實際上(shang),顯而易見,我們可(ke)(ke)以使(shi)用在五(wu)軸加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方面的(de)(de)現有能力挖掘加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心傳統應用范圍之外的(de)(de)新應用領域(yu)。Heller也(ye)致力于此(ci)。Heller公司(si)的(de)(de)總部位于德國尼爾(er)廷根,繼在2009年(nian)秋季推出新的(de)(de)F系(xi)(xi)列(lie)后,Heller在五(wu)軸技術應用方面又前進了(le)(le)一步。齒輪(lun)銑削(xue)提供(gong)了(le)(le)挖掘五(wu)軸加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中心F系(xi)(xi)列(lie)和(he)已(yi)經通過驗證(zheng)的(de)(de)MCH-C系(xi)(xi)列(lie)所有潛力的(de)(de)機會,并(bing)且得以有機會充分利用機床(chuang)的(de)(de)能力和(he)各(ge)種(zhong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)可(ke)(ke)能性。 *后,Heller通過與Voith密切合作(zuo),共同研(yan)發了(le)(le)適合特定應用領域(yu)的(de)(de)新工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。兩家公司(si)都對(dui)該工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)提交了(le)(le)專利申請,期望藉此(ci)在業內引(yin)起(qi)轟動。
當齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)細分(fen)市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)統制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)繼續(xu)專注于(yu)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)專用(yong)機床和(he)刀具時,加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造商(shang)則針對各種應用(yong)和(he)使用(yong)專用(yong)軟件實現齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)建(jian)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)解決方(fang)案提供完整的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。此類加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)基(ji)于(yu)數學方(fang)法(fa),允(yun)許通過CAD/CAM工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝生成****的(de)(de)(de)(de)槽形(xing)。根(gen)據(ju)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)技術文獻可(ke)以(yi)知道,目前還沒(mei)有(you)綜合(he)數學模(mo)型,例如(ru)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)系統。因(yin)此,用(yong)于(yu)CAD/CAM工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)(de)(de)每個(ge)CAD模(mo)型即為(wei)近似模(mo)型。傳(chuan)統切(qie)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)機床基(ji)于(yu)特(te)(te)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)機床結構,具有(you)對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)運動學特(te)(te)性。此類機床根(gen)據(ju)輸入(ru)到(dao)機床中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)置參(can)數生成相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)。盡(jin)管類似于(yu)滾齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝,但Heller采(cai)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)完全與之不同:將圖紙上(shang)指定的(de)(de)(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)參(can)數直接(jie)(jie)輸入(ru)到(dao)機床控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)板中(zhong)。然后,控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)板使用(yong)該數據(ju)實時生成適(shi)合(he)粗加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)精(jing)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)五軸切(qie)削(xue)路徑。這樣一(yi)來(lai),就無需數學上(shang) 的(de)(de)(de)(de)3D幾何(he)模(mo)型。相(xiang)反(fan),應使用(yong)來(lai)自圖紙的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)定義(yi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)數據(ju)。測量機床將報(bao)告可(ke)直接(jie)(jie)輸入(ru)到(dao)機床控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)板中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)補償數據(ju)以(yi)便進(jin)(jin)行(xing)處(chu)理。這種方(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)另一(yi)主要好(hao)處(chu)是(shi)當前的(de)(de)(de)(de)刀具數據(ju)(如(ru)刀具磨(mo)損)可(ke)以(yi)實時并入(ru)正在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝中(zhong)。因(yin)此,精(jing)度相(xiang)應得(de)到(dao)提高。除齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)間(jian)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)外,HELLER也提供半成品的(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)銑削(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。由此 次裝夾就能夠實現外輪(lun)廓與內輪(lun)廓的(de)(de)(de)(de)完整預(yu)切(qie)削(xue),而在(zai)第二次裝夾時進(jin)(jin)行(xing)銑齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。為(wei)了改進(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),還開發了特(te)(te)別(bie)改編(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)NC程序。這樣一(yi)來(lai),就能夠在(zai)單(dan)一(yi)機床上(shang)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件。
生(sheng)產(chan)效率提高2倍
進(jin)行相應編程時,有其他五軸(zhou)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心聲稱(cheng)他們(men)(men)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心也同樣通用(yong)(yong)且(qie)適合齒輪銑(xian)削。例(li)如,使(shi)用(yong)(yong)立銑(xian)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)可(ke)提供(gong)高(gao)(gao)(gao)度靈活性。但是(shi),根據Heller的(de)(de)業務開發(fa)經理HannesZipse博士所(suo)言,這(zhe)(zhe)種方(fang)法不是(shi)特別高(gao)(gao)(gao)產(chan)(chan)高(gao)(gao)(gao)效(xiao)。"我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)通常具(ju)(ju)有高(gao)(gao)(gao)切屑去除率(lv),目的(de)(de)在(zai)于齒輪銑(xian)削時獲(huo)得(de)(de)同樣的(de)(de)結(jie)果。因此(ci),我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)與山特維(wei)克可(ke)樂滿(man)密切合作,共同開發(fa)訂制的(de)(de)帶(dai)可(ke)轉位(wei)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)片(pian)的(de)(de)齒冠銑(xian)削刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)(crown-millingcutter),例(li)如滾刀(dao)(dao)(dao)型(xing)刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)。這(zhe)(zhe)起(qi)到(dao)很(hen)重要的(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong),與傳(chuan)統(tong)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法相比,生產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)提高(gao)(gao)(gao)了2倍。這(zhe)(zhe)意味著齒間距越(yue)寬,可(ke)獲(huo)得(de)(de)的(de)(de)生產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)也就越(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)。"生產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)水平在(zai)本(ben)質上取決于機床的(de)(de)靜(jing)態和(he)動態穩定性。在(zai)Heller的(de)(de)技(ji)術開發(fa)主管ReinholdSiegler看(kan)來,這(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)其中(zhong) *重要的(de)(de)一(yi)點:"非常緊湊的(de)(de)夾(jia)緊是(shi)必要條件。這(zhe)(zhe)意味著在(zai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)解決方(fang)案中(zhong),托(tuo)盤夾(jia)頭(tou)非常靠近托(tuo)盤上緣(yuan),以便牢牢夾(jia)緊齒輪或錐齒輪。其他好處(chu)包括我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)異常堅固的(de)(de)主軸(zhou)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)剛性的(de)(de)機械元件以及使(shi)用(yong)(yong)很(hen)適合要求(qiu)苛刻(ke)的(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)的(de)(de)短式刀(dao)(dao)(dao)具(ju)(ju)。這(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)為什(shen)么我(wo)(wo)(wo)們(men)(men)在(zai)粗(cu)(cu)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序中(zhong)能獲(huo)得(de)(de)較立式加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)更高(gao)(gao)(gao)生產(chan)(chan)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)(de)另一(yi)個原因。
專(zhuan)攻通用解決方(fang)案
新工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝毫無(wu)疑(yi)問能(neng)為(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同尺(chi)寸的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(起始模(mo)數為(wei)4)提供(gong)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)率的(de)解決(jue)方案:較小(xiao)(xiao)的(de)五軸加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)心機型FP2000適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)****720mm的(de)直徑;較大的(de)機型FP4000適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he) * 大900mm的(de)直徑;具(ju)有(you)HSK100主軸錐度的(de)機型MCH-C適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he) * 大達(da)(da)1800mm的(de)直徑;即(ji)將(jiang)推(tui)出(chu)(chu)的(de)新機床(chuang)(chuang)系列適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)****達(da)(da)3000mm的(de)直徑。盡(jin)(jin)管(guan)換刀(dao)非(fei)常(chang)耗時,但對(dui)大批量(liang)的(de)小(xiao)(xiao)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪生(sheng)(sheng)產而言(yan),使(shi)(shi)用(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)機床(chuang)(chuang)仍然非(fei)常(chang)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)。因(yin)此,Heller/Voith工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝不(bu)(bu)(bu)直接針對(dui)批量(liang)生(sheng)(sheng)產種(zhong)類較少工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)傳(chuan)統合(he)同齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)。該解決(jue)方案面(mian)向于(yu)系統供(gong)應商(shang),例如車輛制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)、機床(chuang)(chuang)或也使(shi)(shi)用(yong)該機床(chuang)(chuang)執行其(qi)他(ta)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)任務(wu)(wu)的(de)機床(chuang)(chuang)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)。齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪箱制(zhi)造(zao)商(shang)也對(dui)此有(you)興趣,他(ta)們的(de)產品(pin)也包括完整的(de)組(zu)裝件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。此解決(jue)方案尤(you)其(qi)適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)大齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪,因(yin)為(wei)Heller提供(gong)的(de)機床(chuang)(chuang)和(he)(he)技術適(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)合(he)各種(zhong)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)任務(wu)(wu),并且為(wei)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪和(he)(he)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪帶來了(le)(le)附加好處(chu)。山特(te)維克可樂滿(man)的(de)全球業務(wu)(wu)開(kai)發經理KennethSundberg認為(wei)這是非(fei)常(chang)激動人心的(de)市場(chang)機會:近來顯(xian)示,市場(chang)上不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷(duan)推(tui)出(chu)(chu)針對(dui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)解決(jue)方案。因(yin)此,山特(te)維克可樂滿(man)改進了(le)(le)標準刀(dao)具(ju),并將(jiang)新開(kai)發的(de)產品(pin)并入銑(xian)削(xue)刀(dao)具(ju)中(zhong)。迄今為(wei)止,我(wo)(wo)(wo)們對(dui)獲得的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結果非(fei)常(chang)滿(man)意。接下來我(wo)(wo)(wo)們將(jiang)側重(zhong)于(yu)硬(ying)銑(xian)削(xue)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。盡(jin)(jin)管(guan)可以使(shi)(shi)用(yong)整體硬(ying)質合(he)金立銑(xian)刀(dao),我(wo)(wo)(wo)們和(he)(he)Heller都相信使(shi)(shi)用(yong)特(te)殊(shu)的(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)冠銑(xian)削(xue)刀(dao)具(ju)和(he)(he)側銑(xian)刀(dao)具(ju)將(jiang)提供(gong)更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產效(xiao)率和(he)(he)經濟效(xiao)率。"潛在的(de)目標客戶更(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)興聽到,該工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝無(wu)需產生(sheng)(sheng)依賴性(例如依賴特(te)定的(de)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian))就能(neng)為(wei)他(ta)們提供(gong)所需的(de)靈性和(he)(he)生(sheng)(sheng)產效(xiao)率。
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